In 1865, sanitary inspector Dr. J.T. Kennedy counted
526 drinking establishments in the area bounded by Division, Rivington, Norfolk, and the Bowery. According to Kennedy, “Germans, principally mechanics, predominate in this district, and having brought with them from the ‘Fatherland’ all of their institutions, not excepting ‘lager beer,’ they present excellent illustrations of the effects of healthful out-door exercise and clannish enjoyment.”
At 97 Orchard Street, Bavarian-born John Schneider ran a lager bier saloon from 1864 to 1886. He was not alone: in 1882, the New York Herald published a map of “Liquordom” (below) on the Lower East Side that counted saloons operating 94, 98, and 111 Orchard Street. The Herald suggested that temperance advocates believed that the profusion of saloons invited disturbances and crime.
